Tèngka Education in Madurese Families: A Phenomenological Study on the Transmission of Values in the Tanèyan Lanjhâng

Abstract

This research aims to reveal the meaning and pattern of inheritance of tèngka values in Madurese families living in the tanèyan lanjhâng Buddhâghân 1 Pamekasan. Tèngkaka is understood as moral teaching, social ethics, and cultural identity of Madurese society rooted in Islamic values. This research uses a phenomenological qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation. Data analysis follows Moustakas' phenomenological stages including epoche, horizontalization, imaginative variation, and textural-structural description. The results show that tèngka has a deep meaning as a moral guide that regulates social relations in families and society. The main values include respect and hierarchy, politeness of speech and behavior, and social responsibility. The inheritance of these values is carried out through exemplary (uswah hasanah), habituation (ta'wîd), and oral advice (pitutur) that takes place naturally in extended family interactions. The social structure and architecture of tanèyan lanjhâng functions as a social and religious space that strengthens the internalization of Tèngka values across generations. Although modernization and digitalization pose challenges, the Buddhâghân 1 family shows adaptive capacity by utilizing digital media as a means of moral communication. Thus, tèngka education is a form of Islamic character education based on dynamic, contextual, and relevant local wisdom to be integrated into modern education systems